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How Geopolitical Tensions Are Reshaping Interest Rates

Written by Francesca Savani | Jul 22, 2025 9:32:41 AM

The world’s geopolitical landscape is shifting rapidly, creating ripple effects across global markets, interest rates, and the way banks manage liquidity and funding. For treasury teams, these tensions are no longer distant headlines; they are direct drivers of volatility, funding pressures, and rising costs. 

Rising Government Debt and Funding Pressures 

In response to growing geopolitical instability, governments globally are increasing defence and resilience spending, often funding these initiatives by issuing more debt. To attract investors, higher yields are offered, making government bonds more attractive and drawing capital away from private-sector lending. 

The result is upward pressure on interest rates, translating into higher borrowing costs across economies. For banks, this means increased funding costs, a need to reassess debt maturity structures, and more proactive interest rate risk management. 

 

Energy Markets and Inflationary Pressures 

Energy markets are a critical component of the current rate environment. Shifts in supply routes, diversification strategies, and regional tensions can lead to fluctuations in oil and gas prices, feeding into broader inflationary pressures. 

When energy prices rise, inflation often follows, placing central banks in a challenging position as they balance controlling inflation with supporting economic growth. For banks, this creates uncertainty around rate paths and adds complexity to funding and liquidity planning. 

 

Impacts on Regional Banking and Liquidity 

Geopolitical developments can also lead to regional disruptions in liquidity flows, increased risk premiums, and FX volatility, directly affecting banks operating within or exposed to these markets. These dynamics can drive localised interest rate spikes and funding challenges, requiring treasury teams to maintain flexibility and resilience. 

 

The Role of Global Benchmarks 

Global interest rate benchmarks, such as US Treasuries, remain heavily influenced by geopolitical events, with demand often increasing during periods of uncertainty. This demand impacts yields and, by extension, swap rates and funding benchmarks globally, influencing the cost of capital for banks. 

Currency volatility driven by geopolitical developments adds further complexity for institutions with cross-border exposure, requiring treasury teams to carefully manage liquidity, hedging, and funding strategies. 

 

Why Treasury Teams Need to Adapt 

The intersection of rising government borrowing, inflationary pressures, and regional tensions is reshaping the interest rate environment. For treasury teams, this means: 

  • Higher funding costs requiring careful strategy review 
  • Increased market volatility demanding agility 
  • Complex liquidity conditions needing real-time monitoring and scenario modelling. 

 

Navigating Uncertainty with Siena 

Geopolitical risk translates directly into treasury risk, underscoring the need for robust tools that provide real-time visibility and flexibility. Siena helps banks monitor liquidity, automate scenario testing, and optimise funding strategies, ensuring treasury teams can respond confidently to market changes while maintaining operational resilience. 

Let’s talk. Book a free consultation with a member of our banking team to see how your bank can modernise operations, reduce costs, and gain the agility needed to thrive in today’s market.